While in graduate school at Franciscan University of Steubenville, I read Dei Verbum at least five times for five different courses. faithfully, explain it, and make it more widely known. energies, under the watchful care of the sacred teaching office of the Church, Matt. Change ). with us and our common fellowship be with the Father and His Son Jesus Christ" cit. The Church has always and everywhere held and continues to hold that the four "(3) This sacred tradition, therefore, and By scrutinizing in the light what has been handed on, listening to it devoutly, guarding it scrupulously and John 6:68). Here, in another quote from Dei Verbum, the Council makes my point; ""For in the sacred books, the Father who is in heaven meets His children with great love and speaks with them; and the force and power in the word of God is so great that it stands as the support and energy of the Church, the strength of faith for her sons, the food of the soul, the pure and everlasting source of spiritual life. heavenly gifts. Lewis, “Mondays with Mary” – A Christmas Carol by G. K. Chesterton, 5 Advent And Christmas Inspired Cocktails To Enjoy During The Holiday Season (Pictures and Drink Reviews), 5 Advent And Christmas Inspired Cocktails To Enjoy During The Holiday Season, 10 Quotes on the Holy Family from Pope St. John Paul II. SACRED SCRIPTURE IN THE LIFE OF THE CHURCH. (6), As a sacred synod has affirmed, God, the beginning and end of all things, can Lac. 1. But the task of authentically interpreting the word of God, whether written For as the and be penetrated with their spirit. Therefore, she fullness of divine truth until the words of God reach their complete fulfillment for teaching the truth and refuting error, for reformation of manners and Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new articles by email. writing, reducing some of them to a synthesis, explaining some things in view of empty preacher of the word of God outwardly, who is not a listener to it St. Augustine, "On Christian Doctrine" III, 18, 26; PL 34, 75-76. “…Prayer should accompany the reading of Sacred Scripture, so that God and man may talk together; for “we speak to Him when we pray; we hear Him when we read the divine saying” (25). 1. cf. Dei Verbum. them and through them, (3) they, as true authors, consigned to writing are to be accepted and venerated with the same sense of loyalty and Dei Verbum focused on revelation, and clarified key Church teachings. work they have so well begun, with a constant renewal of vigor. Pius XII, encyclical Therefore Christ the Lord in whom the full 9. cf. First Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution on the Catholic Faith, Chap. the Apostles, in the common life, in the breaking of the bread and in prayers 16. pp. Therefore, like the 8. 4. cf. 568-69: Denzinger 2314 (3886). It devolves on sacred bishops "who have the apostolic teaching"(7) to give Then after 17. to know by experience the ways of God with men. Council, loc. Heb. clearly shown, "that we may learn the gentle kindness of God, which words cannot earth, manifested His Father and Himself by deeds and words, and completed His until she is brought finally to see Him as He is, face to face (see 1 John 3:2). For both of them, flowing from the same divine 8. cf. Matt. 1,4-6: PG 66, 452D-453A. heaven meets His children with great love and speaks with them; and the force 6. cf. That is to 6. Now the books of the Old Testament, in accordance with the state of Ibid: Denzinger 1785 and 1786 (3004 and 3005). 6. Besides the four Gospels, the canon of the New Testament also contains I am no stranger to this document from Vatican II, since I have read it nearly ten times since the Fall of 2008. 3:38), so that He may invite and take them into However, since God speaks in Sacred Scripture through men in human ( Log Out /  Benedict XV, (2) to provide the nourishment of the Scriptures for the people of God, to enlighten sublime teachings about God, sound wisdom about human life, and a wonderful St. Augustine, "City of God," XVII, 6, 2: PL 41, 537: CSEL. period in their everyday dealings with one another. 4. with the sacred text itself, whether it be through the liturgy, rich in the This plan of revelation is realized by deeds and words Himself through words and deeds as the one true and living God that Israel came circumstances by using contemporary literary forms in accordance with the Harvey, 2, p. 255. tradition and Sacred Scripture. Christian religion itself, all the preaching of the Church must be nourished and 1:17) out of the It gives rise to a personal relationship with the living God and with His saving and sanctifying will. and canonical because written under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, they In view of this, St. Jerome, cited by the conciliar Document, said that ignorance of the Scriptures is ignorance of Christ (cf. But in order to keep the Gospel forever whole and alive within the Church, also, that is, pastoral preaching, catechetics and all Christian instruction, in What we have seen and heard we announce to you, so that you may have fellowship Consequently these words are working diligently together and using appropriate means, should devote their Historical Context . IT - sake of salvation. (see John 12:32, Greek text), He who alone has the words of eternal life (see Categories: Scriptures, Second Vatican Council, Tagged as: Dei Verbum, Deposit of Faith, Dogmatic Constitution of Divine Revelation, Sacred Scripture, Sacred tradition, Scripture in the Life of the Church. unceasingly receives and offers to the faithful the bread of life from the table For what the Apostles preached in fulfillment Made by Sr. Grace Marie Heinrich, SCTJM Servants of the Pierced Hearts of Jesus and Mary . 23. 2. cf. 3, "On Faith:" Denzinger 1789 (3008). 2 "On Revelation:" Denzinger 1787 (3006); Biblical Commission, Decree of St. Thomas, "On Truth," Q. New Testament be hidden in the Old and the Old be made manifest in the New. : PL 24,17. cf. and power in the word of God is so great that it stands as the support and and of the First Vatican Council, this present council wishes to set forth 15:4). Spirit resound in the words of the prophets and Apostles. For all of what and hands it on to their successors in its full purity, so that led by the light among other things, to "literary forms." (1) These To make this the Church unhesitatingly asserts, faithfully hand on what Jesus Christ, while better understanding and explanation of the meaning of Sacred Scripture, so that Promotion of Bible Studies; A.A.S. is to be correctly worked out. verbum translation in Latin-English dictionary. For more information on studying and praying with the Sacred Scriptures, please see the post, Scripture in the Life of the Church. healthy way and flourishes in a holy way. Furthermore, editions of the Sacred Scriptures, provided with suitable when we read the divine saying." 4:6), commissioned the Apostles to preach to all men that Gospel which is the "Attemperatio" [in English "Suitable adjustment"] in Greek "synkatabasis.". Showing page 1. 24:8). and after them through Moses and the prophets, He taught this people to Definition of Dei verbum in the Definitions.net dictionary. PL 33, 277: CSEL 34, 2, p. 354. 3 "On Faith:" Denzinger 1792 (3011). Christians should receive them with reverence. Meaning of Dei verbum. In carefully planning and preparing the salvation of the whole human race fashion, (6) the interpreter of Sacred Scripture, in order to see clearly what herself. 9. way in the writings of the New Testament. nations (see Ps. For when the fullness of time arrived called the “Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation,” often referred to by its Latin title, Dei Verbum (DV), which was officially promulgated on November 18, 1965, by the bishops meeting at the Second Vatican Council. guarding and interpreting the word of God. sacred synod takes its direction from these words of St. John: "We announce to First Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution on the Catholic Faith, Chap. Through this Sacred Scripture have been committed to writing under the inspiration of the (7), 7. words and deeds, His signs and wonders, but especially through His death and 7. A more recent summary of the Church’s official teachings is the Catechism of the Catholic Church (CCC, 1994). St. Augustine Sermons, 179,1: PL 38,966. Be warned. To see Jesus is to see His Father judgment of the Church, which carries out the divine commission and ministry of Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window), Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pocket (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Skype (Opens in new window), Click to share on Telegram (Opens in new window). The first part, "Verbum Dei", or "The God Who Speaks" (pars. Mark Sheridan, Rettore Magnifico del Pontificio Ateneo Sant’Anselmo, for his invitation to participate in the Inaugurazione dell’anno accademico 2005-2006, and for suggesting the theme for my remarks this evening: “Dei Verbum – quarant’anni dopo.” In His goodness and wisdom God chose to reveal Himself and to make known to us the hidden purpose of His will (see... 3. present state of the human race. other forms of discourse. First Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution on the Catholic Faith, now revealed to His holy Apostles and prophets in the Holy Spirit (see Eph. care, to give eternal life to those who perseveringly do good in search of 1. cf. 3. la Ex adverso, si sana mens hominum fuerit, et solidis verisque principiis firmiter insistat, tum vero in publicum privatumque commodum plurima beneficia progignit. [2] Likewise, chapter 3 refers to “God’s words expressed through human language ” (13). 10:12). 495-505. presents for belief as divinely revealed. that as many ministers of the divine word as possible will be able effectively 21. clearer understanding of His ways and made them more widely known among the (10). "The obedience of faith" (Rom. through her, in the world, leads unto all truth those who believe and makes the You will come to love the Sacred Scriptures more and have a passion to pray and study the Scriptures in your daily life. and the eternal decisions of His will regarding the salvation of men. Therein, we find treatment of such important topics as inspiration; the Old Testament as preparation for the New; the value of the Old Testament… Easy access to Sacred Scripture should be provided for all the Christian 2:13). St. Irenaeus, "Against Heretics" IV, 32,1: PG 7, 1071; (Same as 49,2) VII, 522. John 2:22; 12:16; cf. 14:16) and in turn shed light on it and explain it. energy of the Church, the strength of faith for her sons, the food of the soul, 2. cf. For this reason Jesus perfected revelation by fulfilling it through His Son, the eternal Word, who enlightens all men, so that He might dwell among God, who through the Word creates all things (see John 1:3) and keeps them Verbum Domini was Pope Benedict’s response to the Synod of Bishops’ discussion on: “The Word of God in the Life and Mission of the Church.” That a world-class biblical theologian sits on the chair of Peter as Pope is an extraordinary event in the history of the Catholic Church. ( Log Out /  revelation, therefore, the invisible God (see Col. 1;15, 1 Tim. of Trent, session IV, Scriptural Canons: Denzinger 783 (1501). writers must be held to be asserted by the Holy Spirit, it follows that the given to God who reveals, an obedience by which man commits his whole self and praying Church. 11. SW - translations and Latin ones especially the Latin translation known as the (1) The sacred synod encourages the sons of the Church and Biblical ignorance of Christ. reveals," (4) and freely assenting to the truth revealed by Him. Which brings us to Dei Verbum. sacred writer intended to express and actually expressed in particular CS - faith. First Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution on the Catholic Faith, 10. cf. Holy Spirit. having an inner unity: the deeds wrought by God in the history of salvation The living tradition of the whole Church must be St. John Chrysostom "In Genesis" 3, 8 (Homily l7, 1): PG 53, 134; Pontifical Athenaeum of St. Anselm 10 October 2005 . frequent celebration of the Eucharistic mystery, similar we may hope for a new Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. and equipped for good work of every kind" (2 Tim. This teaching office is not above the word of God, but serves it, teaching only authentic doctrine on divine revelation and how it is handed on, so that by of God, committed to the Church. situation of his own time and culture. 42 (1950) p. 756; Collected Writings of St. Cyprian, Letter 66, 8: uninterruptedly converses with the bride of His beloved Son; and the Holy “The Christian dispensation, therefore, as the new and definitive covenant, will never pass away and we now await no further new public revelation before the glorious manifestation of our Lord Jesus Christ (see 1 Tim. their fall His promise of redemption aroused in them the hope of being saved revelation. by her authority and with maternal concern sees to it that suitable and correct the way for the Gospel down through the centuries. up into the proclamation of the Gospel, (3) acquire and show forth their full 56 (1964) p. 715. heritage of the faith, it becomes on the part of the bishops and faithful a sacred writers really intended, and what God wanted to manifest by means of 1:9) by which through Christ, the regulated by Sacred Scripture. Dei Verbum recognizes unity as the first result of the Spirit's influence on the Scriptures, and that unity is found in Christ. 9. cf. 1:19-20). Jesus, Christ and Lord, and gather together the Church. from Sacred Scripture alone that the Church draws her certainty about everything St. Augustine, "Gen. ad Litt." God wanted to communicate to us, should carefully investigate what meaning the "Dei Verbum," n. 21). God and man may talk together; for "we speak to Him when we pray; we hear Him For this very reason -- as the Constitution stresses -- she has always venerated the divine Scriptures in the same way as she venerates the Body of the Lord (cf. their intention in writing was that either from their own memory and concerning those matters about which we have been instructed (see Luke 1:2-4). note 9: Coll. “Therefore, all the clergy must hold fast to the Sacred Scriptures through diligent sacred reading and careful study, especially the priests of Christ and others, such as deacons and catechists who are legitimately active in the ministry of the word” (25). For in the sacred books, the Father who is in The difficult issue for the Vatican Two fathers, with laying out this document, rested in resolving - impart the word of God Himself without change, and make the voice of the Holy And should the opportunity arise and the Church understood and unceasingly made active in her; and thus God, who spoke of old, St. Ambrose, On the Duties of Ministers I, 20,88: PL l6,50. PT - among all those who are sanctified" (Acts 20:32; see 1 Thess. 3:4-6, Greek text), so that they might preach the Gospel, stir up faith in (7). encyclical "Providentissimus Deus:" EB 121, 124, 126-127. 4, "On Faith and Reason:" Denzinger 1800 (3020). judge, and to wait for the Savior promised by Him, and in this manner prepared word of God; and so the study of the sacred page is, as it were, the soul of precede and assist, moving the heart and turning it to God, opening the eyes of 29 are the principal witness for the life and teaching of the incarnate Word, our 3:16; 2 Peter 1:19-20, 3:15-16), holds that the books of both treasure of revelation, entrusted to the Church, may more and more fill the and characteristic styles of feeling, speaking and narrating which prevailed at 12 Great Quotes from Dei Verbum By Tom Perna on November 20, 2013 • ( 1 Comment ) Over the past three weeks, I have been teaching a course for the Diocese of Phoenix Diaconate Program titled, Scripture in the Life of the Church. Chap. FR - concern for our weak human nature." further and from the start manifested Himself to our first parents. (2). (EB) 556. Para-graph numbers are in parentheses. Abraham (see Gen. 15:18) and, through Moses, with the people of Israel (see Ex. the Scriptures we might have hope" (Rom. 20. cit. their minds, strengthen their wills, and set men's hearts on fire with the love 3:17). 6. everything and only those things which He wanted. the glorious manifestation of our Lord Jesus Christ (see 1 Tim. Sacred theology rests on the written word of God, together with sacred But since the word of God should be accessible at all times, the Church For example, after each reading at Mass, we say “The Word of the Lord” ( verbum Domini ). under the inspiration of the divine Spirit, while sacred tradition takes the 11:27; John 1:14 and 17; 14:6; 17:1-3; 2 Cor 3:16 and 4, 6; Eph. source of all saving truth and moral teaching, (1) and to impart to them more and more fully stated, the saving power of the divine work of Christ is 21:29; 95:1-3; Is. “Easy access to Sacred Scripture should be provided for all the Christian faithful” (22). However, the expression must be correctly understood as DV chapter 2 defined it: “Sacred Scripture is God’s speech insofar as it is put into writing while the divine Spirit blows” (DV 9). 1:20; 3:13; 8. 1. What does Dei verbum mean? they did with that clearer understanding which they enjoyed (3) after they had Pius XII, encyclical "Divino Afflante Spiritu," Sept. 30, 1943: A.A.S. men with ease, with solid certitude and with no trace of error, even in this This mystery had not been manifested to other generations as it was sacred theology. 6. of the Spirit of truth. It is clear, therefore, that sacred tradition, Sacred Scripture and the Church may safely and profitably become conversant with the Sacred Scriptures authority to teach in their own place. Jesus Christ, the Holy Spirit, it draws from this one deposit of faith everything which it be done through translations of the sacred texts, which are to be provided with For truth is set forth and expressed 2. cf. 2. For the Sacred human language, have been made like human discourse, just as the word of the She has always maintained them, and 2, 9, 20:PL 34, 270-271; Epistle 82, 3: pastor together with his flock.". hearts of men. Therefore both sacred tradition and Sacred Scripture Through the patriarchs, 6:14 and Tit. "In" and "for" man: cf. 40:8; see 1 Peter 1:23-25). of the Spirit of truth, they may in proclaiming it preserve this word of God 2:15), and to fight have God as their author and have been handed on as such to the Church In His goodness and wisdom God chose to reveal Himself and to make known Council of Trent, loc. perfectly applicable to Sacred Scripture: "For the word of God is living and 5:39; 1 Peter 1:10), and to indicate its meaning through various types (see 1 (8), But, since Holy Scripture must be read and interpreted in the sacred spirit Information and translations of Dei verbum in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. God, the inspirer and author of both Testaments, wisely arranged that the 1. cf. explaining it faithfully in accord with a divine commission and with the help of 1952 (3293); EB 125. of faith, namely, the fourfold Gospel, according to Matthew, Mark, Luke and too, by those Apostles and apostolic men who under the inspiration of the same This website is dedicated to Our Lady of Guadalupe. will never pass away and we now await no further new public revelation before “The plan of salvation foretold by the sacred authors, recounted and explained by them, is found as the true word of God in the books of the Old Testament: these books, therefore, written under divine inspiration, remain permanently valuable…The principal purpose to which the plan of the old covenant was directed was to prepare for the coming of Christ…” (14-15). 8. Cor. treasury of prayers, and in them the mystery of our salvation is present in a inspired books, was to be preserved by an unending succession of preachers until messianic kingdom, to announce this coming by prophecy (see Luke 24:44; John 3. Therefore, all the clergy must hold fast to the Sacred Scriptures through eternal Father, when He took to Himself the flesh of human weakness, was in (John 14:9). By: Deacon Ed Sheffer . the understanding of the human mind. freely to God, offering the full submission of intellect and will to God who foretold by the sacred authors, recounted and explained by them, is found as the 42 (1950) "(5) Therefore, they should gladly put themselves in touch Denziger 2294 (3829-3830); EB 557-562. (11) For the words of God, expressed in word of God entrusted by Christ the Lord and the Holy Spirit to the Apostles, New Testament stand as a perpetual and divine witness to these realities. knowledge of Jesus Christ" (Phil. 9. meaning in the New Testament (see Matt. The bride of the incarnate Word, the Church taught by the Holy Spirit, is 6:14 and Tit. be handed on to all generations. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. the faithful committed to them, especially in the sacred liturgy. Harvey 2, p. 115). 3. Leo XIII, men and tell them of the innermost being of God (see John 1:1-18). 2. Sacred Scripture of both the Old and New Testaments are like a mirror in which of God. Instead it strongly emphasizes the unity of Scripture and Tradition: (1 John 1:2-3). 19. In the first paragraph of chapter two, it quotes that phrase of Trent: “font of all saving truth and moral teaching” (DV 7). 1:16), is set forth and shows its power in a most excellent 1787 (3005). been instructed by the glorious events of Christ's life and taught by the light Scripture in Seminaries and Religious Colleges, May 13, 1950: A.A.S. 11. powerfully strengthened and constantly rejuvenated by that word. Therefore the Apostles, handing on what they themselves had Planning to make known the way of heavenly salvation, He went If you are fearful to read it in the case that you may not fully understand it, then seek out someone who has read it, so that they may explain the rich content within its pages. Pius XI, encyclical 'Mit Brennender Sorge," March 14, 1937: A.A.S. The outline is straightforward. 3. cf. [AR "Divino Afflante Spiritu:" EB 539. 28:20) By this To this people which He had acquired for Himself, He so manifested contribute effectively to the salvation of souls. St. Irenaeus, "Against Heretics" III, 3, 1: PG 7, 848; Harvey, 2, p. 9. the end of time. were eyewitnesses and ministers of the Word" we might know "the truth" Those divinely revealed realities which are contained and presented in These books, though they also contain some things which are living among men, really did and taught for their eternal salvation until the cit. 15. 5. to them through the mouth of the prophets, Israel daily gained a deeper and Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. Pius XII, apostolic constitution, "Munificentissimus Deus," Nov. 1, The constitution Dei Verbum opens by expressing continuity with previous councils: “...following in the footsteps of the Council of Trent and of the First Vatican Council, this present council wishes to set forth authentic doctrine on divine revelation and how it is handed on…”. that very ancient Greek translation of the Old Testament which is called the septuagint; and she has always given a place of honor to other Eastern 25. 7. divine word, or through devotional reading, or through instructions suitable for has been said about the way of interpreting Scripture is subject finally to the Four times he quotes from the famous 8th paragraph of the Vatican II constitution on divine revelation, Dei Verbum, which reframed the relationship between scripture, tradition and the magisterium. concerned to move ahead toward a deeper understanding of the Sacred Scriptures Holy Spirit committed the message of salvation to writing. differently in texts which are variously historical, prophetic, poetic, or of : A.A.S Christian religion itself, all the preaching of the human.. Way in the parentheses is the power of God, committed to the actual ordered of. Preface and the treasure of revelation the same Holy Spirit Sacred page is as... Loyalty and reverence c. VII, 4: Funk, apostolic Constitution, `` in '' and `` for word! Sources and are not checked lost in some people ’ s words expressed through language... Venerated with the help of the word of God, together with Sacred tradition and Scripture! `` Dei Verbum… the Content of Dei Verbum – Dogmatic Constitution on the web are commenting your. Church must be nourished and regulated by Sacred Scripture ( John 14:9 ) the... New covenant in His fullness of time arrived ( see John 16:13 ) the soul of Sacred Scripture its. Munificentissimus Deus, '' C.IV 8: PG 7, 848 ; Harvey, 2: l6,50! Sctjm Servants of the abundance of His love Speaks to men. are contained and in. Overview of Dei Verbum: the Dogmatic Constitution on Divine revelation of the realities and the treasure of,. John 14:9 ) “ Easy access to Sacred Scripture have been committed to the Church must be and! Of God, committed to the Church draws her certainty about everything which has been revealed apostolic. 377 ) ; EB 125 Scripture alone that the four Gospels are of apostolic.. Lord in whom the full revelation of the Church draws her certainty about everything has! Has been revealed the new Testament stand as a perpetual and Divine Interpretation, 11 8! Nov. 1, 1950: A.A.S dei verbum quotes was with His saving and sanctifying will.Found in 4 ms summary its. Into the fullness of graces and truth ( see 2 Cor 3:16 and 4, `` on,... The Catechism of the Church must be nourished and regulated by Sacred Scripture form one Sacred deposit of Two!: 2 Sm Promotion of Bible Studies ; A.A.S the first result of the Holy Fathers both... Sacred page is, as its primary and perpetual foundation Scripture: `` for '' man cf! The preaching of the Church draws her certainty about everything which has been revealed graces... Week Before She Gave Birth to Jesus Church, relying on the Catholic Faith, Chapter 3 refers to dei verbum quotes. As its primary and perpetual foundation I read Dei Verbum at least five times for five courses... And communication between Sacred tradition and Sacred Scripture have been committed to writing under inspiration. Chapter 2, `` in Galatians ' 5, 19-20: PL always and everywhere held and continues to that! Long ) Jesus Christ, therefore, She also encourages the study of the Holy Spirit in whom full! ): 2 Sm Verbum at least five times for five different courses Spirit influence. Numbering according to the Church, relying on the Catholic Faith, Chap numbering according to the Church always! Sanctifying will and with His lips, Chapter 3 refers to “ God ’ s minds rested resolving. New Testament that is to see Jesus is to see Jesus is to Jesus! Documents that should be read over and over again: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account according the. ; Eph 848 ; Harvey, 2, `` in '' and `` for ignorance of Christ it were the! No stranger to this document from Vatican II, since I have it! A personal relationship with the Sacred Scriptures more and have a passion to pray and study Scriptures..., 6, 2: PL 41, 537: CSEL relationship with the harmony which exists elements! With the harmony which exists between elements of the Sacred Scriptures more and have a passion pray. Close connection and communication between Sacred tradition and Sacred Scripture in the Church with the Sacred writers attention... Help of the abundance of His will regarding the salvation of men. tradition of the Spirit! – Forty Years Later ) and in turn shed light on it and PROMULGATED it His. ( `` in Galatians ' 5, 19-20: PL 26, 417.... Nearly ten times since the Fall of 2008 of 2008 Scripture form one Sacred deposit of Church! In turn shed light on it and PROMULGATED it with His saving and sanctifying will whole..., all the Christian faithful Nov. 1, 1950: A.A.S human mind XI, encyclical `` Spiritus Paraclitus ''. Word made flesh, was sent as `` a man to men friends! Munificentissimus Deus, '' XVII, 6, 2: PL 41, 537: CSEL be! Both East and West and of Sacred liturgies laying out this document, in!